2 Samuel 16:1

Authorized King James Version

And when David was a little past the top of the hill, behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and an hundred bunches of raisins, and an hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְדָוִ֗ד
And when David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#2
עָבַ֤ר
past
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#3
מְעַט֙
was a little
a little or few (often adverbial or comparative)
#4
מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ
the top
the head (as most easily shaken), whether literal or figurative (in many applications, of place, time, rank, itc.)
#5
וְהִנֵּ֥ה
lo!
#6
צִיבָ֛א
of the hill behold Ziba
tsiba, an israelite
#7
נַ֥עַר
the servant
(concretely) a boy (as active), from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also (by interch. of sex), a girl (of similar latit
#8
מְפִיבֹ֖שֶׁת
of Mephibosheth
mephibosheth, the name of two israelites
#9
לִקְרָאת֑וֹ
met
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#10
וְצֶ֨מֶד
him with a couple
a yoke or team (i.e., pair); hence, an acre (i.e., day's task for a yoke of cattle to plough)
#11
חֲמֹרִ֜ים
of asses
a male ass (from its dun red)
#12
חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים
saddled
to wrap firmly (especially a turban, compress, or saddle); figuratively, to stop, to rule
#13
וַֽעֲלֵיהֶם֩
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#14
וּמֵ֥אָה
and an hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#15
לֶ֜חֶם
loaves of bread
food (for man or beast), especially bread, or grain (for making it)
#16
וּמֵ֥אָה
and an hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#17
צִמּוּקִ֛ים
bunches of raisins
a cake of dried grapes
#18
וּמֵ֥אָה
and an hundred
a hundred; also as a multiplicative and a fraction
#19
קַ֖יִץ
of summer fruits
harvest (as the crop), whether the product (grain or fruit) or the (dry) season
#20
וְנֵ֥בֶל
and a bottle
a skin-bag for liquids (from collapsing when empty); also a lyre (as having a body of like form)
#21
יָֽיִן׃
of wine
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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